Effectiveness of a Self-Instructional Module on Knowledge of Dental Fluorosis Among Mothers of Under-Five Children
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background:
Dental fluorosis is a significant public health problem in fluoride-endemic regions of India, particularly affecting young children. Mothers play a crucial role in preventing excessive fluoride exposure; however, their knowledge regarding dental fluorosis is often inadequate. Educational interventions such as self-instructional modules may help improve awareness and preventive practices.
Objective:
To assess the effectiveness of a self-instructional module on knowledge regarding dental fluorosis and its prevention and management among mothers of under-five children attending selected Anganwadi centres in Vadodara, Gujarat.
Methods:
A quantitative pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design was adopted. A total of 60 mothers of under-five children were selected using a non-probability convenience sampling technique. Data were collected using a validated structured knowledge questionnaire. The self-instructional module was administered after the pretest, and the posttest was conducted after 12 days. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and chi-square test.
Results:
The mean pretest knowledge score was 4.2 ± 1.6, which increased to 8.9 ± 1.4 in the posttest. The mean difference of 4.7 was found to be statistically significant (t = 15.62, p < 0.001). Before the intervention, 56.7% of mothers had inadequate knowledge, whereas after the intervention, 60% of mothers had adequate knowledge. Educational status, area of residence, source of drinking water, and previous information showed significant association with pretest knowledge (p < 0.05).
Conclusion:
The self-instructional module was highly effective in improving knowledge regarding dental fluorosis and its prevention and management among mothers. The findings suggest that structured educational interventions can be an effective strategy for promoting oral health awareness and preventing dental fluorosis among children.