The impact of whistleblowers in corruption crimes under Iraqi and Egyptian law

Abstract

This research aims to study the impact of whistleblowers on corruption crimes in both Iraqi and Egyptian law, focusing on their role in detecting crimes, protecting society and strengthening the rule of law, in addition to highlighting the risks faced by whistleblowers in fulfilling their duties. And he used the comparative method to study the legal texts between Iraq and Egypt, with the help of the descriptive-analytical method to infer judicial rulings and practical decisions related to whistleblowers and whistleblowers, with the aim of revealing the similarities and differences between the legal systems in dealing with whistleblowers and protecting whistleblowers. The results of the research showed several key points: First, that both systems recognize the right of the citizen to report crimes and set specific conditions for the use of this right, but the Egyptian jurisprudence requires the combination of the truth of the incident with a good intention, while in the Iraqi law, it is enough to fulfill one of them only to justify the reporting. Secondly, whistleblowers play an essential role in discovering crimes, seeking justice, and preventing the spread of corruption, either by providing accurate information or by monitoring suspicious activities. Thirdly, the laws face comparative challenges related to the protection of whistleblowers from threats, intimidation or arbitrary dismissal, especially in the private sector, which calls for strengthening legal protection. Fourth, relying on informants only without verifying the evidence and documents may lead to the weakness of the evidence in the courts, as shown by the Iraqi and Egyptian jurisprudence.