COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE HARMFUL EFFECT OF ELECTRONIC NICOTINE DELIVERY SYSTEM AND CONVENTIONAL CIGARETTES ON ORAL HEALTH IN ADOLESCENTS IN DELHI NCR REGION.
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
E-cigarette aerosols promote oral inflammation and disturb the normal oral microbiome, encouraging the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Flavoured and sweetened vapours further increase the risk of oral disease. This study aimed to compare and evaluate the harmful effects of electronic nicotine delivery systems and conventional cigarettes in adolescents in the Delhi NCR region.
Methods: A total of 84 samples were divided into three groups: Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3. Harmful effects on oral health were determined by examining the DMFT index, plaque index, gingival index, gingival bleeding index, calculus index and level of biomarker IL-1beta in the saliva of e-cigarette and conventional cigarettes adolescent users.
Results: E-Cigarettes are less harmful than cigarettes.
Conclusion: Both e-cigarette use and conventional cigarette smoking negatively impact periodontal health salivary function, and oral inflammatory status when compared to non-smokers with conventional smoking showing greater harm.