Balata-Yipilo Cultural Values and Student Self-Efficacy: A Modified Delphi Study for Culturally Responsive Learning Environments

Abstract

 Student self-efficacy plays a critical role in shaping learning motivation, persistence, and academic engagement. However, existing frameworks often overlook the influence of indigenous cultural values that shape students’ social and emotional development. This study examines the alignment between Balata-Yipilo cultural values from the Gorontalo community in Indonesia and mechanisms supporting students’ self-efficacy to inform culturally responsive learning environments. A modified Delphi method was used to obtain expert consensus from 15 participants representing cultural, educational, and counseling perspectives through two iterative rounds. Quantitative analysis using median scores, interquartile ranges, and agreement levels was complemented by qualitative thematic analysis. The findings reveal four core cultural values—respect for tradition, mutual care, humility, and harmony with nature—that support students’ confidence, persistence, and emotional regulation. These values function as sociocultural mechanisms that enhance student motivation and engagement in learning. This study contributes to educational research by integrating indigenous cultural knowledge into contemporary perspectives on student development and highlights the potential of culturally responsive approaches in improving learning environments and teaching practices.