Uighur Dance: An Analysis of the Nationality and Cultural Connotation of Chinese Dance in Xinjiang

Abstract

This study examines the historical origins, constituent elements, ethnic representation, and cultural connotations of Uyghur dance in Xinjiang, China, with particular attention to Maixilaipu, Daolang dance, and Shama dance. A qualitative, practice-based research design was employed, integrating documentary analysis, field investigation, participant observation, semi-structured interviews, questionnaire responses, audiovisual records, and reflective dance practice. Participants were selected purposively and included three experts, three professional dancers, and twenty members of the public. Data were analyzed thematically and comparatively across movement, music, costume, formation, regional context, and social meaning. The findings show that Uyghur dance developed through long-term interaction among local livelihoods, regional environments, religious traditions, and intercultural exchange along the Silk Road. Maixilaipu reflects communal celebration and social participation; Daolang dance embodies hunting, pastoral life, resilience, and collective cooperation; and Shama dance developed from ritual practice into a public cultural performance while retaining spiritual symbolism. The three forms share an integrated performance system in which movement, musical rhythm, costume, and spatial formation operate collaboratively. They also construct a multidimensional ethnic image characterized by enthusiasm, courage, agility, elegance, unity, resilience, and spirituality.