Cultural Literacy in the Digital Age: A Mobile Learning Model Based on North Sumatran Folklore for Junior High Schools

Abstract

: Objectives: This study aims to design and evaluate a mobile learning model that uses North Sumatran folklore to build cultural literacy in junior high schools. The objectives include identifying needs for the model, developing and validating it, and testing its effectiveness in improving students’ reading comprehension and cultural understanding...  Methods: The study uses an R and D approach that combines the ADDIE and R2D2 models. The process covers six stages, needs analysis, design, development, expert validation, field testing, and effectiveness evaluation. Data come from 72 students and nine teachers in two partner schools. Experts in educational technology and Indonesian language education review the model. The study collects quantitative and qualitative data and analyzes them with descriptive statistics and a quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design. Results: The model receives a Very Feasible rating with a score of 90 percent. Student practicality is 86.1 percent and teacher practicality is 88.9 percent. Effectiveness tests show higher gains in the experimental group at 16.4 points compared to 7.4 points in the control group. The effect size is large with a Cohen’s d of 1.0. These results show strong improvement in reading comprehension and cultural literacy. Conclusions: The mobile learning model is effective in strengthening cultural literacy and supporting reading skills. Integrating North Sumatran folklore enriches learning and helps preserve cultural identity through digital instruction. The study shows that cultural heritage can be supported and renewed through mobile learning in modern education.